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More Info:

Ensures that logging and log alerts exist for VPC network changes.

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Risk Level

Medium

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Address

Security

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Compliance Standards

SOC2, NIST, CISGCP, CBP, HIPAA, ISO27001, HITRUST, GDPR, NISTCSF, PCIDSS, FedRAMP

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Triage and Remediation

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Remediation

Using Console

To remediate the misconfiguration “Network Change Log Alerts Should Be Enabled” in GCP using GCP console, you can follow these steps:
  1. Open the GCP console and navigate to the Cloud Logging page.
  2. Click on “Logs-based Metrics” in the left-hand menu.
  3. Click on the “Create Metric” button.
  4. In the “Create a Metric” dialog box, select “Counter” as the metric type.
  5. Enter a name for the metric, such as “Network Change Log Alerts Enabled”.
  6. In the “Filter” field, enter the following filter to capture network changes: 
    resource.type="gce_network" AND protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.patch"
  7. Click “Create”.
  8. Navigate to the “Alerting” page in the left-hand menu.
  9. Click on “Create Policy” to create a new alerting policy.
  10. In the “Create a Policy” dialog box, enter a name and description for the policy.
  11. In the “Conditions” section, click on the “Add Condition” button and select “Metric Threshold”.
  12. Select the metric you created earlier, “Network Change Log Alerts Enabled”, from the drop-down menu.
  13. Set the threshold to “1” and select a duration for the threshold to be met, such as “5 minutes”.
  14. In the “Notifications” section, add the email addresses of the individuals who should receive the alerts.
  15. Click “Save” to create the alerting policy.
After completing these steps, the GCP console will send an alert to the specified email addresses when a network change occurs in the GCP environment.

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To remediate the misconfiguration “Network Change Log Alerts Should Be Enabled” for GCP using GCP CLI, follow the below steps:
  1. Open the Cloud Shell from the GCP console.
  2. Run the following command to enable the Network Change Log Alerts: 
gcloud logging sinks create [SINK_NAME] storage.googleapis.com/[BUCKET_NAME] --log-filter='resource.type="gce_network" AND protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.updatePeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.addPeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.removePeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.insert" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.delete" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.addFlowLogs" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.removeFlowLogs" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.updateFlowLogsConfig" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.deleteFlowLogsConfig" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.addPeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.removePeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.updatePeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.addSubnetwork" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.deleteSubnetwork" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.updateSubnetwork" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.addPeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.removePeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.networks.updatePeering" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalAddresses.insert" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalAddresses.delete" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalAddresses.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalForwardingRules.insert" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalForwardingRules.delete" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalForwardingRules.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.attachNetworkEndpoints" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.detachNetworkEndpoints" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.insert" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.delete" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.updateNetworkEndpoint" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalOperations.delete" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.globalOperations.cancel" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.insert" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.delete" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.patch" OR protoPayload.methodName="v1.compute.healthChecks.update
To remediate the misconfiguration “Network Change Log Alerts Should Be Enabled” in GCP using Python, follow the below steps:
  1. Import the required libraries:
from google.cloud import logging_v2
from google.cloud.logging_v2 import enums
from google.cloud.logging_v2.handlers import CloudLoggingHandler
  1. Set up the GCP project ID and the Cloud Logging client:
project_id = "<PROJECT_ID>"
client = logging_v2.LoggingServiceV2Client()
parent = client.project_path(project_id)
  1. Create a sink to export the logs to Cloud Pub/Sub:
sink_name = "pubsub-sink"
filter_ = "logName:\"logs/cloudaudit.googleapis.com\" AND protoPayload.methodName:\"v1.compute.instances.insert\""
destination = "pubsub.googleapis.com/projects/<PROJECT_ID>/topics/<TOPIC_NAME>"
sink = {
    "name": sink_name,
    "filter": filter_,
    "destination": destination,
    "output_version_format": enums.LogSink.VersionFormat.V2,
}
client.create_sink(parent, sink)
  1. Create a metric to track the number of log entries:
metric_name = "network_change_log_alerts"
metric_type = "logging.googleapis.com/user/{}".format(metric_name)
metric = {
    "name": metric_type,
    "metric_kind": enums.MetricDescriptor.MetricKind.DELTA,
    "value_type": enums.MetricDescriptor.ValueType.INT64,
    "unit": "1",
    "description": "Number of network change log alerts",
}
client.create_metric_descriptor(parent, metric)
  1. Create an alerting policy to trigger an email notification when the metric exceeds a certain threshold:
policy_name = "network_change_log_alerts_policy"
condition_name = "network_change_log_alerts_condition"
condition = {
    "name": condition_name,
    "display_name": "Network Change Log Alerts Condition",
    "condition_threshold": {
        "aggregations": [
            {
                "alignment_period": {"seconds": 300},
                "per_series_aligner": enums.Aggregation.Aligner.ALIGN_COUNT_TRUE,
                "cross_series_reducer": enums.Aggregation.Reducer.REDUCE_SUM,
                "group_by_fields": ["resource.type"],
            }
        ],
        "comparison": enums.ComparisonType.COMPARISON_GT,
        "threshold_value": 0,
        "duration": {"seconds": 0},
        "trigger": {"count": 1},
    },
}
notification_channel_name = "network_change_log_alerts_channel"
notification_channel = {
    "name": notification_channel_name,
    "type_": "email",
    "labels": {"email_address": "<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"},
}
policy = {
    "name": policy_name,
    "display_name": "Network Change Log Alerts Policy",
    "conditions": [condition],
    "combiner": enums.AlertPolicy.ConditionCombinerType.AND,
    "notification_channels": [notification_channel_name],
}
client.create_alert_policy(parent, policy)
  1. Verify that the alerting policy is created successfully:
policy = client.get_alert_policy(client.alert_policy_path(project_id, policy_name))
print(policy)
After following these steps, the misconfiguration “Network Change Log Alerts Should Be Enabled” should be remediated for GCP using Python.

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Additional Reading: