​
Event Information

  • The google.spanner.admin.database.v1.DatabaseAdmin.SetIamPolicy event in GCP for CloudSpanner refers to a change in the IAM (Identity and Access Management) policy for a specific database in CloudSpanner.
  • This event indicates that the IAM policy for the database has been modified, granting or revoking access permissions for users or service accounts.
  • The SetIamPolicy event is triggered when there is a request to update the IAM policy for a CloudSpanner database, allowing administrators to manage and control access to the database resources effectively.

​
Examples

  1. Unauthorized access: If security is impacted with google.spanner.admin.database.v1.DatabaseAdmin.SetIamPolicy in GCP for CloudSpanner, it could potentially allow unauthorized users to gain access to sensitive database resources. This could lead to data breaches, unauthorized modifications, or unauthorized access to confidential information.
  2. Privilege escalation: If security is impacted with google.spanner.admin.database.v1.DatabaseAdmin.SetIamPolicy in GCP for CloudSpanner, it could enable privilege escalation attacks. An attacker could modify the IAM policies to grant themselves elevated privileges, allowing them to perform actions they are not authorized to do. This could result in unauthorized data access, data manipulation, or even complete control over the database.
  3. Misconfiguration risks: If security is impacted with google.spanner.admin.database.v1.DatabaseAdmin.SetIamPolicy in GCP for CloudSpanner, misconfigurations in IAM policies could occur. This could lead to unintended access permissions being granted or revoked, potentially exposing sensitive data or disrupting normal operations. It is crucial to regularly review and audit IAM policies to ensure they align with the principle of least privilege and follow security best practices.

​
Remediation

​
Using Console

  1. Enable VPC Service Controls:
    • Go to the GCP Console and navigate to the CloudSpanner instance.
    • Click on the “Edit” button to modify the instance settings.
    • Scroll down to the “VPC Service Controls” section and click on “Enable VPC Service Controls”.
    • Follow the prompts to configure the VPC Service Controls for the CloudSpanner instance.
    • Save the changes.
  2. Implement IAM Roles and Permissions:
    • Go to the GCP Console and navigate to the CloudSpanner instance.
    • Click on the “Permissions” tab to manage IAM roles and permissions.
    • Click on “Add Member” to add a new member or select an existing member.
    • Assign the appropriate IAM roles to the member based on their responsibilities and access requirements.
    • Save the changes.
  3. Enable Audit Logging:
    • Go to the GCP Console and navigate to the CloudSpanner instance.
    • Click on the “Edit” button to modify the instance settings.
    • Scroll down to the “Audit Logging” section and click on “Enable Audit Logging”.
    • Select the desired audit logs to be enabled, such as Admin Activity, Data Access, or System Events.
    • Save the changes.
Note: These steps may vary slightly depending on the specific version of the GCP Console and CloudSpanner. It is always recommended to refer to the official documentation for the most up-to-date instructions.

​
Using CLI

To remediate the issues mentioned in the previous response for GCP CloudSpanner using GCP CLI, you can follow these steps:
  1. Enable VPC Service Controls for CloudSpanner:
    • Use the following command to enable VPC Service Controls for CloudSpanner: 
      gcloud services vpc-peerings update --service=servicenetworking.googleapis.com --network=projects/[PROJECT_ID]/global/networks/[NETWORK_NAME] --ranges=[IP_RANGE]
    • Replace [PROJECT_ID] with your GCP project ID, [NETWORK_NAME] with the name of your VPC network, and [IP_RANGE] with the IP range of your VPC network.
  2. Implement IAM Roles and Permissions:
    • Use the following command to grant the necessary IAM roles to the appropriate users or service accounts: 
      gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding [PROJECT_ID] --member=[MEMBER] --role=[ROLE]
    • Replace [PROJECT_ID] with your GCP project ID, [MEMBER] with the email address or service account of the user, and [ROLE] with the desired IAM role.
  3. Enable Audit Logging for CloudSpanner:
    • Use the following command to enable audit logging for CloudSpanner: 
      gcloud logging sinks create [SINK_NAME] storage.googleapis.com/[BUCKET_NAME] --log-filter="resource.type=spanner_instance"
    • Replace [SINK_NAME] with a name for your logging sink, and [BUCKET_NAME] with the name of the Cloud Storage bucket where you want to store the logs.
Please note that the above commands are examples and may need to be modified based on your specific environment and requirements. Make sure to refer to the official GCP documentation for detailed instructions and additional options.

​
Using Python

To remediate the issues mentioned in the previous response for GCP CloudSpanner using Python, you can follow these steps:
  1. Enable VPC Service Controls:
    • Use the google-cloud-securitycenter library to enable VPC Service Controls for CloudSpanner.
    • You can use the update_organization_settings method to update the organization settings and enable VPC Service Controls.
    • Here’s an example Python script:
    from google.cloud import securitycenter

client = securitycenter.SecurityCenterClient()

organization_settings = client.get_organization_settings(name="organizations/{organization_id}")
organization_settings.enable_vpc_service_controls = True

client.update_organization_settings(organization_settings=organization_settings)
  2. Implement IAM Roles and Permissions:
    • Use the google-cloud-iam library to implement IAM roles and permissions for CloudSpanner.
    • You can use the set_iam_policy method to set the IAM policy for a CloudSpanner instance or database.
    • Here’s an example Python script:
    from google.cloud import spanner_admin_database

client = spanner_admin_database.DatabaseAdminClient()

instance_name = "projects/{project_id}/instances/{instance_id}"
database_name = "projects/{project_id}/instances/{instance_id}/databases/{database_id}"

instance = client.get_instance(name=instance_name)
database = client.get_database(name=database_name)

policy = {
    "bindings": [
        {
            "role": "roles/cloudspanner.databaseReader",
            "members": ["user:[email protected]"]
        }
    ]
}

client.set_iam_policy(resource=instance_name, policy=policy)
client.set_iam_policy(resource=database_name, policy=policy)
  3. Implement Audit Logging:
    • Use the google-cloud-logging library to implement audit logging for CloudSpanner.
    • You can use the write_log_entries method to write audit logs to Cloud Logging.
    • Here’s an example Python script:
    from google.cloud import logging

client = logging.Client()

log_name = "projects/{project_id}/logs/{log_name}"
log_entry = {
    "severity": "NOTICE",
    "log_name": log_name,
    "text_payload": "Audit log entry"
}

client.write_log_entries(entries=[log_entry])
Please note that you need to replace {organization_id}, {project_id}, {instance_id}, {database_id}, {log_name}, and [email protected] with the appropriate values specific to your GCP environment.